Christian fundamentalism, also known as Fundamentalist Christianity, or Fundamentalism, arose out of British and American Protestantism in the late 19th century and early 20th century among evangelical Christians. The founders reacted against liberal theology and militantly asserted that the inerrancy of the Bible was essential for true Christianity and was being violated by the modernists.

As an organized movement, it began in the 1920s within Protestant churches — especially Baptist and Presbyterian — in the United States in the early 20th century. Many such churches adopted a "fighting style" and certain theological elements, such as Dispensationalism. The broader term "evangelical" includes the Fundamentalists as well as people with similar or identical religious beliefs who do not engage the outside challenge to the Bible as actively.

Fundamentalism is a movement, rather than a denomination or a systematic theology; no one is a "member." Since 1930, Fundamentalism has not been an organized movement, and has not had a national body or official statement of beliefs. The Evangelicals, however, have a national organization, the National Association of Evangelicals (NAE).

Noun

fundamentalist (plural fundamentalists)

1. One who reduces religion to strict interpretation of core or original texts.
2. (finance) A trader who trades on the financial fundamentals of the companies involved, as opposed to a chartist or technician.
3. (Christian) Originally referred to an adherent of an American Christian movement that began as a response to the rejection of the accuracy of the Bible, the alleged deity of Christ, Christ's atonement for humanity, the virgin birth, and miracles. These points were first listed in a book series entitled "The Fundamentals: A Testimony to the Truth" published in 1909 and affirmed by the PCUSA in its 1910 Minutes of the General Assembly.
4. (pejorative) A fundamentalist Christian (also fundie or fundy)

• fundamentalism

• Focus on the Family (3)

• Society: Politics: Conservatism: Opposing Views: Anti-Religious Right (6)

• Born Again Fundamentalist Christianity Exposed
  angelfire.com
  Exposes the teachings of born again fundamentalist Christianity as false and misleading. Identifies the errors, inconsistencies and contradictions in the Bible which render it a document full of errors and not the word of any deity.
• Interfaith Alliance
  interfaithalliance.org
  A faith-based organization, of many faith traditions, working together "...to stand up to the growing and ominous power and influence of the Christian Coalition and other religious political extremist groups and individuals." Supported by news reporter Walter Cronkite.
• Understanding the Religious Reich
  neopagan.net
  Neopagan criticism of Christian Fundamentalists.